Year: 2026 | Month: January-March | Volume: 10 | Issue: 1 | Pages: 25-30
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20260104
A Review Article on Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Maternal and Fetal Health During Pregnancy
Dr. Kurupatha Menatha. Jayasree1, S. Thaneesha2, K. Susmitha2, P. S. Roopesh2, I. Jayachandra2
1Assistant professor, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy
2V. PharmD, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati.
Corresponding Author: Dr. Kurupatha Menatha. Jayasree
ABSTRACT
Vitamin D plays a central role in maternal–fetal physiology, influencing placental function, calcium homeostasis, immune regulation, neurodevelopment, and fetal metabolic programming. Deficiency during pregnancy disrupts several tightly coordinated biological processes, ultimately predisposing the fetus to structural, functional, and developmental abnormalities. Vitamin D is added to milk, plant-based milks, cereals, fat spreads, and orange juice in several nations.: In addition to influencing trophoblast invasion, immunological modulation, and angiogenesis in the placenta, vitamin D aids in controlling placental calcium transport, which is crucial for the mineralisation of foetal bones. Clinical research indicates that even at modest vitamin D levels, women with specific vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms may have increased rates of gestational diabetes and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes. Reduced bone mineral density, craniotabes, and rickets in infancy are examples of poor foetal and neonatal bone growth. Increased incidence of seizures and hypocalcaemia in newborns (in extremely deficient conditions. Heightened vulnerability to infections throughout childhood and potential long-term consequences for the health of kids, such as a higher incidence of asthma, type 1 diabetes, and neurodevelopmental impairments. These studies are primarily useful in developing evidence based prenatal care guidelines to lower morbidity and protect the mother's & child's long-term health.
Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency, maternal health, fetal health, pregnancy
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